An electromagnetic motor is a motor that uses a magnetic force produced by a cable with running electricity to power the motors movement. All electromagnetic motors work on electromagnetic rules. Types of electric motors include alternating current (AC) motors and direct current (DC) motors. AC motors use the normal socket current found on a wall, DC motors instead use a battery as a source of power combined with magnetic forces to make the motor move. The electromagnetic motor is common in just about every house, the electromagnetic motor can be found in fans, pool pumps, air conditioners, washing machines, electric toothbrushes and a million or more other household items.
The spinning movement of an electromagnetic motor is based on magnetic polarity. A magnet hung from a string in the center will naturally rotate to face one end north and one end south. The magnetic poles on each end of the magnet attract, if the poles are opposite and repel if the poles are alike. When two north pole magnets are brought within the fields of the magnets force, the magnets will push away from each other. If one north pole and one south pole are brought together, they will attract and stick to each other.
Electromagnets used for science experiments in class are typically wires wrapped around a small stick of iron, a properly coiled conductive wire can become an electromagnet when supplied with current. The force becomes amplified when the wire is coiled. Magnetic force from a wire coil with current becomes stronger yet when the coil is wrapped around an iron magnet.
Electric current running through a wire produces a magnetic field, so electromagnetic force is present in wires with current running through them. Consequently, a wire with electric current running through it has an inherent magnetic force. When that wire is coiled into multiple parallel loops, it takes on the properties of a magnet when current runs through it. Wires not intended for use as electromagnets are often shielded to dampen the magnetic force and reduce its interference with other nearby electronics.
Some types of electromagnetic motors can be propelled with no electrified iron-core magnet, using only the magnetic force from carefully arranged coiled wires. Usually, electromagnetic motors have one or more iron-core electromagnets powering the movement of the motor. Though an electromagnet created with a magnetic core is more powerful, it also draws more electricity, putting more demand on the power source and draining batteries more quickly. High-powered electromagnetic motor assemblies sometimes use more than one electromagnet in the motor to give the motor a controlled power boost.
